Pigmentation

Pigmentation refers to the color of the skin, which is determined by the amount of melanin produced by specialized cells called melanocytes. When there is an overproduction or underproduction of melanin, it can lead to various pigmentation disorders such as hyperpigmentation or hypopigmentation.

Hyperpigmentation is characterized by patches of skin that are darker than the surrounding areas. This can be caused by a variety of factors including sun exposure, hormonal changes, and injury to the skin. Treatments for hyperpigmentation may include topical creams containing ingredients such as hydroquinone, kojic acid, or retinoids, as well as chemical peels, laser therapy, or intense pulsed light (IPL) therapy.

Hypopigmentation, on the other hand, is characterized by patches of skin that are lighter than the surrounding areas. This can be caused by conditions such as vitiligo or albinism. Treatment for hypopigmentation may include topical steroids or immunomodulators, light therapy, or surgical interventions such as skin grafting.

Hypopigmentation, on the other hand, is characterized by patches of skin that are lighter than the surrounding areas. This can be caused by conditions such as vitiligo or albinism. Treatment for hypopigmentation may include topical steroids or immunomodulators, light therapy, or surgical interventions such as skin grafting.